https://www.designingdigitally.com/whitepapers/gamification-learning-manager-reference-guide

Gamification involves the use of game elements to engage a learner’s competitive nature in order to obtain a desired objective. It includes the application of typical elements of game playing (e.g., point scoring, competition with others, rules of play) to encourage engagement with a product or service. Using extrinsic motivation, the gamification of learning leverages the intrinsic motivation and desire to win. When structured properly, the underlying process is able to create positive changes the learner’s behavior.