Take a look at most state plans for implementing the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) and you’ll see that a popular choice for the “fifth indicator” of school quality is chronic absenteeism. Of the seventeen jurisdictions that submitted their ESSA plans in spring 2017, a dozen opted for student chronic absenteeism as a measure of school quality, and fourteen included some gauge of pupil attendance.1 At least thirteen more states are considering making chronic absenteeism part of their forthcoming plans.